 
          could unbolt and remove the back seats, I might have ended
        
        
          up with a much longer module.)
        
        
          In a modular layout like Free-moN, a slight curve gives more oper-
        
        
          ational options and more stability to the layout as a whole, so I
        
        
          decided to build two 2’x3’ sections set at a 30 degree angle (2).
        
        
          Given the rather sharp curves for the mainline to go around
        
        
          the shoofly, an angled module actually helped ease both the
        
        
          S-curve and the overall radii. Free-moN standard mainline
        
        
          radius minimum is a generous 22” so the long modern freights
        
        
          and passenger trains look good.
        
        
          In addition to the bridge-building scene at the center, I
        
        
          wanted to include some signature Sonoma scenes such as a
        
        
          vineyard, a cow pasture, and some rolling hills riddled with
        
        
          yellow mustard flowers and oaks. I had never made grape-
        
        
          vines, oaks or pastures, but I firmly believe that each new
        
        
          model railroading project should challenge your modeling
        
        
          skills in some way. Learn by doing!
        
        
          I set the module width at 24” wide, mainly because, first,
        
        
          that’s the “recommended practice” called for by the standards
        
        
          and, second, that’s what Steve Williams had on his module.
        
        
          However, after building and operating many more modules, the
        
        
          voice of experience has taught all of us that 16” to 18”-wide
        
        
          modules are optimum for operational potential, scenic expres-
        
        
          sion and transportational ease.
        
        
          
            “In a modular layout like Free-moN, a slight
          
        
        
          
            curve gives more operational options and
          
        
        
          
            more stability to the layout as a whole... ”