15. Pennsylvania Railroad
X-29 car built with flat
steel end. Note rivet
pattern for internal braces
and separate hat section.
16. 36’ boxcar with three-
panel flat steel end built
by Canadian Car Mfg
during the teens.
16
15
Hobbyists sometimes label Murphy corrugated ends as
Youngstown ends. This is erroneous since the Youngstown Steel
Door Company did not manufacture any car ends.
Flat ends
The Pennsylvania Railroad pioneered the flat steel plate ends
with the introduction of the class X-29 boxcar in 1914 [15]. The
A.R.A. recommended that flat steel ends be reinforced with at
least three internal vertical braces. Note the rivet pattern vis-
ible on the end in [15].
